Tongkat Ali: The Science Backed Wonder Supplement for Optimal Health and Longevity

Are you looking for a natural remedy that can help to improve your physical and sexual performance, mental clarity and focus, reduce stress and anxiety, and overall resilience?

Welcome to the world of Tongkat Ali, deep in the lush rainforests of Southeast Asia, there grew this magical herb known as Tongkat Ali or "Ali's walking stick," after its ability to give men strength and vitality like that of a young man, in the same way as a “walking stick” strengthen and aids feeble.

 

“Let us delve deeper into the history of Tongkat Ali and its traditional uses.”

 

Tongkat Ali, also known as Eurycoma longifolia or Malaysian ginseng or Longjack, is a small evergreen tree/shrub that is native to Malaysia, Indonesia, and Thailand. Tongkat Ali has been used for centuries in traditional medicine practices in Southeast Asia, particularly in Malaysia and Indonesia. It was initially used as a natural remedy for various ailments, including fever, malaria, headaches, and fatigue. However, its most popular use was for enhancing male virility and fertility.

In ancient times, Tongkat Ali was considered a valuable commodity, and its roots were traded as a form of currency. The local tribes of Southeast Asia would harvest the roots, dry them, and grind them into a powder to make a tonic that could be consumed daily. The tonic was believed to improve energy, stamina, and sexual function in men.

But what exactly makes Tongkat Ali such a potent herb? The answer lies in its active compounds, which have been extensively studied by modern science. Tongkat Ali is rich in phytochemicals like quassinoids, eurycomaosides, eurycolactones, alkaloids, flavonoids, and bioactive steroids.

Today, modern science has confirmed what these ancient healers already knew: that’s why, Tongkat Ali has become a popular supplement for those looking to boost their physical and mental performance, increase their libido, and even improve their overall health. But the benefits of Tongkat Ali don't stop there. It has also been shown to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, which can help protect against a variety of chronic diseases. It may also have cognitive benefits, such as improving memory and concentration.

 

But, what exactly is Tongkat Ali, and why has it become so popular all of a sudden?

In this article, we'll explore the fascinating history of this ancient herb and dive into the scientific research that supports its many health benefits. So sit back, relax, and join us on a journey through the rainforests of Southeast Asia, as we uncover the secrets of Tongkat Ali backed by science and the many ways it can benefit your health and well-being. From its traditional use as a natural remedy to its modern-day applications as a powerful supplement, there's a lot to learn about this amazing herb. So, let's dive deeper into the benefits of Tongkat Ali and see how this herb can help you achieve your health goals.

 

Effects of Tongkat Ali on Fertility, Libido, and Sexual Health: Enhancing Testosterone Levels for a Healthy Sex Life

Tongkat Ali, is known for its potential to enhance testosterone production naturally, a hormone primarily associated with male reproductive health, plays a crucial role in sexual function, libido, fertility, and overall well-being. Tongkat Ali offers potential benefits in improving testosterone levels, which contribute to a healthy sex life and physical health.

 

How Tongkat Ali Enhances Testosterone Production:

Tongkat Ali, scientifically known as Eurycoma longifolia, has gained popularity as a natural supplement to improve testosterone levels. It acts through various mechanisms to enhance testosterone production, including:

1. Stimulation of Leydig Cells: Tongkat Ali has been shown to stimulate Leydig cells in the testes, which are responsible for testosterone production. It may enhance the release of luteinizing hormone (LH), which, in turn, stimulates Leydig cells to produce testosterone.

 

2. Suppression of Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin (SHBG): Tongkat Ali may inhibit the activity of SHBG, a protein that binds to testosterone, reducing its availability for use in the body. By reducing SHBG levels, Tongkat Ali helps increase the amount of free testosterone circulating in the bloodstream.

 

3. Reduction of Cortisol Levels: High levels of the stress hormone cortisol can negatively impact testosterone production. Tongkat Ali has been reported to have cortisol-lowering effects, indirectly promoting testosterone synthesis.

 

Enhanced testosterone levels resulting from Tongkat Ali supplementation can have profound effects on fertility, libido, and sexual health. Here are some notable benefits:

1. Increased Sperm Count: Tongkat Ali has been associated with increased sperm count, contributing to improved fertility. Higher sperm count enhances the chances of successful conception.

 

2. Improved Sperm Motility: Tongkat Ali supplementation has shown potential in improving sperm motility, which refers to the ability of sperm to swim and reach the egg for fertilization. Enhanced sperm motility increases the likelihood of successful fertilization.

 

3. Enhanced Libido: Tongkat Ali has traditionally been used as an aphrodisiac due to its potential to enhance libido and sexual desire. By supporting testosterone levels, Tongkat Ali may help increase sexual arousal and desire.

 

4. Improvements in Erectile Dysfunction: Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a common condition characterized by the inability to achieve or maintain an erection. Tongkat Ali may offer benefits in improving ED through its effects on testosterone levels and blood flow. Increased testosterone can support erectile function by enhancing the responsiveness of penile tissues to sexual stimulation.

 

Pharmacologically Active Ingredients in Tongkat Ali:

Tongkat Ali contains various pharmacologically active compounds that contribute to its effects on testosterone levels. Some of these include:

1. Eurycomanone: This quassinoid compound found in Tongkat Ali has been reported to possess anti-estrogenic properties and may help enhance testosterone production.

 

2. Glycoproteins: Tongkat Ali contains glycoproteins that have shown potential in stimulating testosterone production and improving sperm quality, may contribute to its aphrodisiac effects and support sexual health.

 

3. Saponins: These compounds found in Tongkat Ali have been linked to increased testosterone levels by promoting the release of LH and stimulating Leydig cell activity.

 

Scientific Evidence and Clinical Trials:

Numerous scientific studies and clinical trials have investigated the effects of Tongkat Ali on fertility, libido, and sexual health. Here are a few notable references:

 

• A study in published in Andrologia medical journal explored the effects of Tongkat Ali supplementation on men with late-onset hypogonadism (low testosterone levels), highlighting improvements in testosterone levels, sexual function, and overall well-being (1).

 

• A systematic review and meta-analysis, publish in Complementary Therapies in Medicine journal, has examined the effects of Tongkat Ali on erectile function, indicating significant improvements compared to placebo (2).

 

• A recent 2022 meta-analysis study on various Tongkat Ali randomized clinical trials supports the use of Tongkat Ali supplementation for enhancing testosterone production. The study further concluded that Tongkat Ali is a safe and promising therapeutic option, particularly for hypogonadal men (3).

 

• A 12-week placebo-controlled study on 109 men between the 30 to 55 showed Tongkat Ali’s positive results on sexual health and libido. The study showed increased sperm motility, increased semen volume, enhanced libido and improved erectile function (4).

 

• A 12-week research study conducted by Medicus Research LLC in Northridge, California, looked at the impact of Tongkat Ali on the sexual performance, satisfaction, and overall well-being of 26 men. The study found that compared to those in the placebo group, participants who took Tongkat Ali experienced improved sexual performance and higher subjective libido scores. This led to increased hardness and erection time (5).

 

• The University of Science Malaysia conducted a study that found evidence indicating that estrogen reduces testosterone production. This decrease in testosterone leads to a notable increase in sperm production, amount, vitality, concentration, and motility due to the effects of Tongkat Ali (6).

 

• A different study in PhytoMedicine revealed that Tongkat Ali boosted sexual desire, arousal, and performance (7).

 

By enhancing testosterone levels through its pharmacologically active ingredients, Tongkat Ali promotes a healthy sex life and contributes to overall sexual and physical health. With the support of scientific evidence and clinical trials, Tongkat Ali showcases its potential as a natural solution for individuals seeking to improve their sexual well-being and overall quality of life.

 

Effects of Tongkat Ali on Mental Health: Promoting a Healthy and Happy Living

Mental health plays a crucial role in our overall well-being, impacting various aspects of our lives, including daily routines, relationships, work performance, and overall quality of living. Tongkat Ali, a traditional medicinal herb, has gained attention for its potential effects on mental health.

 

The Significance of Mental Health:

Maintaining optimal mental health is crucial for our overall well-being and happiness. Better mental health positively affects various aspects of our lives, including:

1. Day-to-Day Routine: Good mental health promotes a sense of well-being, motivation, and productivity, allowing us to engage in daily activities with enthusiasm and efficiency.

 

2. Relationships: Mental health influences our ability to build and maintain healthy relationships. It enhances our communication skills, empathy, and emotional well-being, fostering stronger connections with others.

 

3. Work Life: Positive mental health improves work performance, concentration, creativity, and problem-solving abilities. It contributes to job satisfaction and professional growth.

 

4. Lifestyle and Quality of Living: Mental well-being is closely linked to a healthier lifestyle, including better self-care, nutrition, exercise, and stress management. It enhances our overall quality of living and enjoyment of life.

 

5. Longevity: Research suggests that individuals with better mental health tend to live longer and experience a higher quality of life as they age.

 

Tongkat Ali's Effects on Mental Health:

Tongkat Ali offers several remarkable effects on mental health, promoting a healthy and happy living:

1. Mood Enhancement: Tongkat Ali has been reported to have mood-enhancing properties. It may help alleviate symptoms of low mood and promote a positive emotional state.

 

2. Anti-anxiety and Stress Relief: Tongkat Ali has been traditionally used to reduce anxiety and relieve stress. It may have calming effects on the nervous system, helping individuals cope with stress and anxiety-related symptoms.

 

3. Anti-depression: Tongkat Ali's potential anti-depressant effects have been explored in some studies. It may help regulate neurotransmitters associated with mood, such as serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine.

 

4. Sleep Aid: Adequate sleep is essential for mental health. Tongkat Ali has been reported to promote relaxation and improve sleep quality, leading to a well-rested mind and better overall mental well-being.

 

5. Memory and Cognitive Function: Tongkat Ali has shown promise in supporting memory and cognitive function. It may enhance focus, concentration, and mental clarity, contributing to improved cognitive performance.

 

Pharmacologically Active Ingredients in Tongkat Ali:

Tongkat Ali contains various pharmacologically active compounds that contribute to its effects on mental health. While further research is needed to fully understand their mechanisms, some of the reported ingredients include:

1. Quassinoids: Tongkat Ali contains quassinoids, such as eurycomanone, which have shown potential in improving mood and reducing anxiety-like behaviors.

 

2. Glycoproteins: Glycoproteins found in Tongkat Ali may contribute to its anti-anxiety effects and promote a sense of relaxation. 

 

3. Saponins: Tongkat Ali's saponins may support cognitive function and memory by enhancing neurotransmitter activity and improving neuronal communication.

 

Scientific Evidence and Clinical Trials:

Several scientific studies and clinical trials have explored the effects of Tongkat Ali on mental health. Here are a few notable references:

 

• This comprehensive review published in European Neuropsychopharmacologyjournal, examined the evidence for various herbal medicines, including Tongkat Ali, in the treatment of depression, anxiety, and insomnia. It highlighted the potential benefits of Tongkat Ali in improving mood and reducing anxiety-related symptoms (8).

 

• A study by Dr. Shawn Talbot published in The Journal of International Society of Sports Nutrition found that people who took Tongkat Ali for 4 weeks experienced a noticeable improvement in their mood (9).

 

• A 24-week study tested 50mg of Tongkat Ali with multivitamins on a group of people. The results, after 12 weeks, showed a clear improvement in cognitive stress, physical stress, behavioral stress, and overall stress (10).

 

• A study conducted in 2022 for four weeks and published in the Journal of Nutritional Science & Vitaminology indicated that Tongkat Ali can help with sleep issues and enhance the quality of sleep (11). This study also demonstrated that Tongkat Ali can reduce Core Body Temperature (CBT) while sleeping. Another study conducted in 2012 revealed a connection between lower core body temperature and improved sleep quality (12).

 

Tongkat Ali offers remarkable effects on mental health, promoting a healthy and happy living. Scientific studies and clinical trials provide evidence of its potential benefits in supporting mental well-being. Prioritizing mental health is essential for a fulfilling life, and Tongkat Ali may serve as a natural supplement to support better mental health.

 

 

Effects of Tongkat Ali as an Ergogenic Supplement: Enhancing Physical Performance, Stamina and Endurance

 Tongkat Ali, has shown remarkable benefits as an ergogenic supplement for athletes, sportspeople, individuals with active physical routines, those working long shifts, and aging individuals, due to its potential to enhance physical performance, promote fat loss, increase energy and stamina, support bone health, and aid in recovery after exercise. 

 

Tongkat Ali for Physical Performance and Body Composition:

Tongkat Ali offers several notable effects that can positively impact physical performance and body composition: 

1. Increased Lean Muscle Mass: Tongkat Ali has been reported to enhance muscle protein synthesis, contributing to the development of lean muscle mass and improvements in body composition.

 

2. Promotes Fat Loss: Tongkat Ali may help promote fat loss by increasing metabolic rate, enhancing fat oxidation, and suppressing appetite, leading to a reduction in body fat percentage.

 

3. Increased Energy and Stamina: Tongkat Ali has been traditionally used to improve energy levels and stamina. It may support physical endurance, allowing individuals to engage in prolonged physical activities with reduced fatigue.

 

4. Faster Recovery After Exercise: Tongkat Ali has shown potential in reducing exercise-induced muscle damage and inflammation, promoting faster recovery after intense physical activity.

 

5. Reduced Fatigue: Tongkat Ali's adaptogenic properties may help reduce fatigue by modulating stress hormone responses and enhancing energy levels.

 

6. Bone Health and Osteoporosis Prevention: Adequate testosterone levels contribute to the maintenance of healthy bone density and can help reduce the risk of osteoporosis and fractures. Furthermore, Tongkat Ali has been reported to improve bone mineral density, thereby supporting bone health and reducing the risk of age-related bone loss and the development of osteoporosis by promoting optimal bone health and strength.

 

Pharmacologically Active Ingredients in Tongkat Ali:

Tongkat Ali contains several pharmacologically active compounds that contribute to its effects on physical health and performance. Some reported ingredients include:

1. Quassinoids: Tongkat Ali is rich in quassinoids, such as eurycomanone, which may play a role in improving physical performance, muscle development, and recovery.

 

2. Glycoproteins: Glycoproteins found in Tongkat Ali have shown potential in promoting lean muscle mass, supporting physical performance, and enhancing recovery.

 

Scientific Evidence and Clinical Trials:

Several scientific studies and clinical trials have explored the effects of Tongkat Ali on physical health and performance. Here are a few notable references:

 

• A study demonstrated the potential of Tongkat Ali to reduce stress hormones and improve mood state, which can positively impact physical performance (9).

 

• This pilot study published in Phytotherapy Research Journal explored the effects of Tongkat Ali supplementation in elderly individuals and revealed improvements in physical fitness parameters, muscle strength, and overall well-being. (13)

 

• A study involving 32 men published in the Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research gave Tongkat Ali supplements at a daily dosage of 11g for 4 weeks. The results showed an improvement in overall strength, specifically in squats, bench presses, and deadlift exercises (14).

 

• Tongkat Ali also had a positive effect on the muscle strength of middle-aged women. The University of MARA Technology Malaysia conducted a study involving 31 women aged between 45 to 59 years. The study revealed that taking 200mg of Tongkat Ali daily for 12 weeks led to a 67% improvement in bench press, a 21% improvement in upper body power, and a significant increase in handgrip strength (15).

 

• A similar study conducted for 5 weeks on 14 men and published in the British Journal of Sports Medicine in 2003 demonstrated that Tongkat Ali led to enhancements in both muscle strength and size. Additionally, the participants experienced significant improvements in athletic performance through daily intake of Tongkat Ali (16).

 

• A new study conducted in 2021 and published in Phytotherapy Research, which used a placebo-controlled method, found that taking 400mg of Tongkat Ali and Bergamot orange resulted in a notable decrease in the Body Mass Index (BMI) of 97 obese adults over a period of 112 days. This study indicates that Tongkat Ali supplementation may assist in reducing body fat and addressing obesity (17).

 

• A team of scientists from the School of Medical Science at the University of Science Malaysia conducted a 12-week study on 109 men. The group that took 300mg of Tongkat Ali every day experienced a reduction in hip size, fat mass, and waist circumference (4).

 

• A study conducted by the University of South Africa found that Tongkat Ali can reduce body weight and belly fat without affecting the weight of internal organs (18).

 

• Researchers at the Faculty of Medicine, the National University of Malaysia discovered that Tongkat Ali can improve bone strength and potentially treat male osteoporosis. This is because Tongkat Ali plays a crucial role in boosting testosterone levels, which in turn stimulates the production of bone-forming cells (osteoblasts) and suppresses the activity of bone breakdown cells (osteoclasts). These effects contribute to the preservation of bone mass (19).

 

• Other studies provide evidence that Tongkat Ali consumption stimulates the formation of bones by promoting the production of bone-building proteins like OCN, RUNX-2, and BMP-2 (20).

 

• In a related study, Tongkat Ali prevented calcium loss in male rats with impotence and osteoporosis in their bones (21).

 

 

Tongkat Ali exhibits remarkable effects as an ergogenic supplement, promoting fat loss, increased energy and stamina, supporting bone health, aiding recovery after exercise, and reducing fatigue. Scientific studies and clinical trials provide evidence that incorporating Tongkat Ali into a balanced lifestyle can contribute to a healthy, happy living, enhancing day-to-day routines, relationships and work life.

 

 

Effects Of Tongkat Ali For Longevity: Supporting Longer, Healthier and More Fulfilling Life

Tongkat Ali, a medicinal herb with a long history of traditional use, has garnered attention for its potential effects on longevity, anti-aging, cardiovascular health, liver health, immune system support, and more.

Tongkat Ali offers several notable effects that may contribute to longevity and longer life expectancy:

1. Anti-Aging Effects: Tongkat Ali's antioxidant properties help combat oxidative stress, which is associated with the aging process. By neutralizing free radicals, Tongkat Ali may help reduce cellular damage and support healthy aging.

 

2. Cardiovascular Health: Tongkat Ali has been reported to have positive effects on cardiovascular health by promoting healthy blood pressure levels, reducing cholesterol levels, and improving blood flow. These factors contribute to a reduced risk of cardiovascular diseases, ultimately supporting longevity.

 

3. Better Circulation: Tongkat Ali has been traditionally used to enhance blood circulation, ensuring efficient delivery of oxygen and nutrients to all organs and tissues. Improved circulation supports overall health and vitality, potentially contributing to a longer lifespan.

 

4. Liver Health Support: The liver plays a crucial role in detoxification and overall health. Tongkat Ali”s antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties have shown potential in protecting liver cells from damage caused by oxidative stress and toxins, including improved detoxification processes and enhanced production of liver enzymes.

 

5. Anti-Inflammatory Effects: Tongkat Ali contains bioactive compounds that exhibit anti-inflammatory properties. By reducing inflammation, Tongkat Ali may help prevent or alleviate chronic pain and inflammatory conditions associated with aging.

 

6. Immune System Support: Tongkat Ali has been reported to have immune-boosting effects, supporting a healthy immune system response and reducing the risk of infections and age-related immune decline.

 

7. Reduced Risk of Diabetes: Tongkat Ali has been studied for its potential to regulate blood sugar levels and improve insulin sensitivity, which may help reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes.

 

8. Protection Against Cancer: Tongkat Ali contains bioactive compounds that exhibit anticancer properties. These compounds may help inhibit the growth and spread of cancer cells, offering potential protection against certain types of cancer.

 

Pharmacologically Active Ingredients in Tongkat Ali:

Tongkat Ali contains various pharmacologically active compounds that contribute to its effects on longevity and overall health. Some reported ingredients include:

1. Quassinoids: Tongkat Ali is rich in quassinoids, such as eurycomanone, which exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties. These compounds contribute to Tongkat Ali's potential benefits for longevity and overall health.

 

2. Alkaloids: Tongkat Ali contains alkaloids that have shown immune-boosting effects and potential anti-inflammatory properties, supporting a healthy immune system and reducing chronic inflammation.

 

Scientific Evidence and Clinical Trials:

Numerous scientific studies and clinical trials have explored the effects of Tongkat Ali on longevity and overall health. Here are a few notable references:

 

• A study conducted by the Faculty of Medicine at the University of Malaya revealed that Tongkat Ali can widen blood vessels, leading to lower blood pressure. This study was published in the Journal of BioMed Research International in 2016 (22).

 

• In 2016, a clinical study carried out by Tokyo Medical University and Institute of Life Sciences in Japan examined the impact of Tongkat Ali on the immune system. The findings revealed that consuming 200mg of Tongkat Ali daily for 4 weeks led to an increase in T-cells, naïve T-cells, and CD4+ cells. The study included 84 participants, including both middle-aged men and women, and the tests were randomized and placebo-controlled (23).

 

• An in vitrostudy published in 2022 by the American Chemical Society and American Society of Pharmacognosy indicates that quassinoids found in Tongkat Ali (Eurycoma Longifolia) have anti-coronavirus properties, making them potential treatment options for COVID-19. Other studies with similar findings suggest that Tongkat Ali could be a herbal remedy to help manage COVID-19 symptoms (24).

 

• In a recent placebo-controlled clinical study conducted in 2021, 103 men who took 100mg of Tongkat Ali daily experienced a decrease in uric acid levels from 5.69 mg/dL to 5.03 mg/dL after 12 weeks. This suggests that Tongkat Ali could potentially help prevent the risk of gout and its associated flare-ups (25).

 

• In 2019, a study conducted by researchers from Kangwon National University in Korea and Hanoi University of Pharmacy discovered that Tongkat Ali possesses anti-inflammatory properties (26).

 

Tongkat Ali offers remarkable effects for longevity, supporting vital organs and functions, and enhancing overall life quality. With its pharmacologically active ingredients, Tongkat Ali shows promise in promoting a longer lifespan and healthier aging. By understanding the scientific evidence and considering Tongkat Ali as part of a holistic approach to wellness, individuals may potentially experience the benefits of this remarkable herb for a healthier and more fulfilling life.

 

 

References:

 

1. Tambi, M. I. B. M., et al. (2012). Standardised water-soluble extract of Eurycoma longifolia, Tongkat Ali, as testosterone booster for managing men with late-onset hypogonadism? Andrologia, 44(Suppl 1), 226-230.
2. Ismail, S. B., et al. (2012). Efficacy of Tongkat Ali (Eurycoma longifolia) on erectile function improvement: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Complementary Therapies in Medicine, 20(3), 166-173.
3. Leisegang K, Finelli R, Sikka SC, Panner Selvam MK. Eurycoma longifolia (Jack) Improves Serum Total Testosterone in Men: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Clinical Trials. Medicina (Kaunas). 2022 Aug 4;58(8):1047.
4. Ismail SB, Wan Mohammad WM, George A, Nik Hussain NH, Musthapa Kamal ZM, Liske E. Randomized Clinical Trial on the Use of PHYSTA Freeze-Dried Water Extract of Eurycoma longifolia for the Improvement of Quality of Life and Sexual Well-Being in Men. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2012;2012:429268.
5. Udani JK, George AA, Musthapa M, Pakdaman MN, Abas A. Effects of a Proprietary Freeze-Dried Water Extract of Eurycoma longifolia (Physta) and Polygonum minus on Sexual Performance and Well-Being in Men: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2014;2014:179529.
6. Ang HH, Sim MK. Eurycoma longifolia Jack enhances libido in sexually experienced male rats. Exp Anim. 1997 Oct;46(4):287-90. 
7. Ang HH, Ngai TH, Tan TH. Effects of Eurycoma longifolia Jack on sexual qualities in middle aged male rats. Phytomedicine. 2003;10(6-7):590-3.
8. Sarris J, Panossian A, Schweitzer I, Stough C, Scholey A. Herbal medicine for depression, anxiety and insomnia: a review of psychopharmacology and clinical evidence. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 2011 Dec;21(12):841-60.
9. Talbott SM, Talbott JA, George A, Pugh M. Effect of Tongkat Ali on stress hormones and psychological mood state in moderately stressed subjects. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2013 May 26;10(1):28.
10. George A, Udani J, Abidin NZ, Yusof A. Efficacy and safety of Eurycoma longifolia (Physta^®) water extract plus multivitamins on quality of life, mood and stress: a randomized placebo-controlled and parallel study. Food Nutr Res. 2018 Oct 16;62. 
11. Miyazaki K, Itoh N, Saiki P, Kuroki Y. Supplementation with Eurycoma longifolia Extract Modulates Diurnal Body Temperature Fluctuation and Sleep Rhythm in Mice. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo). 2022;68(4):342-347.
12. Okamoto-Mizuno K, Mizuno K. Effects of thermal environment on sleep and circadian rhythm. J Physiol Anthropol. 2012 May 31;31(1):14.
13. Henkel RR, Wang R, Bassett SH, Chen T, Liu N, Zhu Y, Tambi MI. Tongkat Ali as a potential herbal supplement for physically active male and female seniors--a pilot study. Phytother Res. 2014 Apr;28(4):544-50.
14. Kreipke VC, Allman BR, Kinsey AW, Moffatt RJ, Hickner RC, Ormsbee MJ. Impact of Four Weeks of a Multi-Ingredient Performance Supplement on Muscular Strength, Body Composition, and Anabolic Hormones in Resistance-Trained Young Men. J Strength Cond Res. 2015 Dec;29(12):3453-65.
15. Md Yusof, Sarina & Zakaria, Zaiton & Abd. Hamid Karim, Aminuddin & Aiman, Suhana & Kadir, Zulkifli. (2016). Enhancement Effects of Tongkat Ali (Eurycoma longifolia) Supplementation on Performance Functions Following Strength Training in Middle-Aged Women. 10.1007/978-981-287-691-1_1.
16. Joint Conference of BASEM and BASES British Journal of Sports Medicine 2003;37:464-470
17. Hancke J, Srivastava S, Caceres DD, Burgos RA, Alarcon P. An exploratory double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study to assess the efficacy of CitruSlim on body composition and lipid parameters in obese individuals. Phytother Res. 2021 Dec;35(12):7039-7049. 
18. Solomon MC, Erasmus N, Henkel RR. In vivo effects of Eurycoma longifolia Jack (Tongkat Ali) extract on reproductive functions in the rat. Andrologia. 2014 May;46(4):339-48.
19. Mohd Effendy N, Mohamed N, Muhammad N, Naina Mohamad I, Shuid AN. Eurycoma longifolia: Medicinal Plant in the Prevention and Treatment of Male Osteoporosis due to Androgen Deficiency. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2012;2012:125761.
20. Thu HE, Mohamed IN, Hussain Z, Shuid AN. Exploring molecular mechanism of bone-forming capacity of Eurycoma longifolia: Evidence of enhanced expression of bone-related biomarkers. J Ayurveda Integr Med. 2018 Oct-Dec;9(4):272-280
21. Saadiah Abdul Razak H, Shuid AN, Naina Mohamed I. Combined Effects of Eurycoma longifolia and Testosterone on Androgen-Deficient Osteoporosis in a Male Rat Model. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2012;2012:872406. 
22. Tee BH, Hoe SZ, Cheah SH, Lam SK. First Report of Eurycoma longifoliaJack Root Extract Causing Relaxation of Aortic Rings in Rats. Biomed Res Int. 2016;2016:1361508.
23. George A, Suzuki N, Abas AB, Mohri K, Utsuyama M, Hirokawa K, Takara T. Immunomodulation in Middle-Aged Humans Via the Ingestion of Physta® Standardized Root Water Extract of Eurycoma longifolia Jack--A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Parallel Study. Phytother Res. 2016 Apr;30(4):627-35.
24. Choonong R, Ruangdachsuwan S, Churod T, Palabodeewat S, Punyahathaikul S, Juntarapornchai S, Ketsuwan K, Komaikul J, Masrinoul P, Kitisripanya T, Juengwatanatrakul T, Yusakul G, Kanchanapoom T, Putalun W. Evaluating the in VitroEfficacy of Quassinoids from Eurycoma longifolia and Eurycoma harmandiana against Common Cold Human Coronavirus OC43 and SARS-CoV-2 Using In-Cell Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay. J Nat Prod. 2022 Dec 23;85(12):2779-2788.
25. Chinnappan SM, George A, Pandey P, Narke G, Choudhary YK. Effect of Eurycoma longifoliastandardised aqueous root extract-Physta^® on testosterone levels and quality of life in ageing male subjects: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled multicentre study. Food Nutr Res. 2021 May 19;65.
26. Hien DT, Long TP, Thao TP, Lee JH, Trang DT, Minh NT, Van Cuong P, Lan DT, Dang NH, Dat NT. Anti-inflammatory effects of alkaloid enriched extract from roots of Eurycoma longifolia Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2019;9:18-23. Available from: https://www.apjtb.org/text.asp?2019/9/1/18/250265